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The Weavers' Triangle is an area of Burnley in Lancashire, England consisting mostly of 19th-century industrial buildings at the western side of town centre clustered around the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. The area has been identified as being of significant historic interest as the cotton mills and associated buildings encapsulate the social and economic development of the town and its weaving industry. From the 1980s, the area has been the focus of major redevelopment efforts. ==History== In the 1700s, Burnley like Marsden and Colne was a centre of the wool industry. It switched to cotton in the first half of the 1800s. Hargreaves hand-operated spinning jenny was introduced in Blackburn in 1767, the model patented had 16 sixteen spindles and was treated with suspicion. It produced thread suitable for weft. Arkwright's power-driven water frame produced twist (suitable for warp) was more unpopular. In 1777, Arkwright built a mill at Birkacre in Chorley. By 1779, the momentum against power-driven spinning machinery was such that rioters destroyed it. Spinners and investors were driven from Blackburn and Burnley towards Manchester, and it was many years before a spinning mill was built in Burnley. In the early 1790s, construction of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal resumed after a decade-long suspension caused by the American War of Independence. During this time, the increasing economic importance of coal led to a change in the agreed. but disputed, route of the canal. It was moved south, away from Clitheroe’s agricultural lime, to a more expensive route via the Burnley Coalfield. At Burnley, the route almost encircled the town, passing through fields outside it. Although weaving existed in the area, it was a woollen industry for local markets. The canal's opening coincided with the rise of cotton weaving and the use of steam power in textile mills, allowing greater freedom in their placement. The 1840s proved pivotal to the development of the area. Firstly the canal company began allowing mills to take the water they needed for steam engines directly from the canal. In 1848 the East Lancashire Railway opened to the barracks near the western end of Trafalgar Street. And in 1849, the Manchester and Leeds Railway opened a branch from Todmorden to Burnley (extended soon after). A goods shed was sited at Thorneybank at the eastern end of Trafalgar Street, where the town’s cinema stands today. Of the many new Cotton Mills subsequently constructed along the canal, this meant that the greatest concentration formed in what was then part of the township of Habergham Eaves. The second half of the 19th century saw Burnley develop into the most important cotton-weaving town in the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Burnley )〕 As Burnley expanded, the area later to be known as the weavers' triangle, officially became part of the town in 1894. By 1911, the towns textile industry was at the height of its prosperity, there were approximately 99,000 power looms in operation,〔 and its population had grown from 4,000 (1801) to over 100,000. The almost terminal decline of the English cotton industry in the decades that followed World War II, brought great difficulties to the local economy. During successive attempts to regenerate the town, many of the mills where demolished, however most in the triangle area where protected and today stand as monuments to the past. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Weavers' Triangle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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